Display device having pixel electrode and color filter, and electronic apparatus

ABSTRACT

A display device is provided that includes a substrate, a lens layer including a lens, a light-transmitting layer contacting a lens surface of the lens and having translucency, a pixel electrode disposed between the substrate and the lens layer, and a color filter disposed between the pixel electrode and the lens layer. The lens is disposed correspondingly to the pixel electrode. A refractive index of a constituent material for the lens is higher than a refractive index of a constituent material for the light-transmitting layer.

The present application is based on, and claims priority from JPApplication Serial Number 2019-088861, filed May 9, 2019, the disclosureof which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

BACKGROUND 1. Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a display device and an electronicapparatus.

2. Related Art

Display devices such as organic EL display devices that use an organicelectroluminescence (EL) element have been known. JP-A-2015-153607discloses an organic EL device that includes an organic EL elementincluding a pixel electrode, and a color filter that transmits light ina predetermined wavelength range.

For a display device including a color filter as in JP-A-2015-153607,there is a desire to improve a visual field angle characteristic or toincrease a radiation angle.

SUMMARY

An aspect of a display device of the present disclosure includes asubstrate, a lens layer including a lens, a light-transmitting layercontacting a lens surface of the lens and having translucency, a pixelelectrode disposed between the substrate and the lens layer, and a colorfilter disposed between the pixel electrode and the lens layer, wherethe lens is disposed correspondingly to the pixel electrode, and arefractive index of a constituent material for the lens is higher than arefractive index of a constituent material for the light-transmittinglayer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating a display device according to a firstexemplary embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a sub-pixel according to thefirst exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a partial cross section of the displaydevice according to the first exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a plan view illustrating a pixel electrode according to thefirst exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a plan view illustrating a part of a color filter according tothe first exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating a part of a lens layer according tothe first exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a light path according to the firstexemplary embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flow of a method for manufacturing a display deviceaccording to the first exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a lens layer formation step accordingto the first exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the lens layer formation stepaccording to the first exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a lens layer formation step accordingto the first exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the lens layer formation stepaccording to the first exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a light-transmitting layer formationstep according to the first exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically illustrating a display deviceaccording to a second exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a diagram schematically illustrating a display deviceaccording to a third exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing a displaydevice according to the third exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a plan view illustrating a modified example of the pixelelectrode and the lens.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a modified example of thecolored portion and the lens.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a modified example of thecolored portion and the lens.

FIG. 20 is a plan view illustrating a modified example of the colorfilter.

FIG. 21 is a plan view illustrating a modified example of the pixelelectrode, the lens, and the colored portion.

FIG. 22 is a plan view illustrating a modified example of the pixelelectrode, the lens, and the colored portion.

FIG. 23 is a plan view illustrating a modified example of the pixelelectrode, the lens, and the colored portion.

FIG. 24 is a plan view illustrating a modified example of the pixelelectrode, the lens, and the colored portion.

FIG. 25 is a diagram schematically illustrating a modified example ofthe pixel electrode, the colored portion, and the lens.

FIG. 26 is a diagram schematically illustrating a modified example ofthe pixel electrode, the colored portion, and the lens.

FIG. 27 is a diagram schematically illustrating a part of an internalstructure of a virtual image display device.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described belowwith reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that, in the drawings,dimensions and scales of sections are differed from actual dimensionsand scales as appropriate, and some of the sections are schematicallyillustrated to make them easily recognizable. Further, the scope of thepresent disclosure is not limited to these embodiments unless otherwisestated to limit the present disclosure in the following descriptions.

1. First Exemplary Embodiment

1A. Display Device 100

FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating a display device 100 according to afirst exemplary embodiment. Note that, for convenience of explanation,the description will be made appropriately using an x-axis, a y-axis,and a z-axis orthogonal to each other illustrated in FIG. 1 . An elementsubstrate 1 of the display device 100 described later is parallel to anx-y plane. Further, the “plan view” refers to viewing from a −zdirection. A direction in which a transmissive substrate 9 describedlater and the element substrate 1 overlap each other is a directionparallel to the −z direction. A thickness direction of the elementsubstrate 1 described later is a direction parallel to the −z direction.Further, in the following description, “translucency” refers totransparency to visible light, and means that a transmittance of visiblelight may be equal to or greater than 50%.

The display device 100 is an organic electroluminescence (EL) displaydevice that displays a full color image. The image includes an imagethat displays only character information. The display device 100includes the element substrate 1 and the transmissive substrate 9 thatis located on the +z-axis side of the element substrate 1 and hastranslucency. The display device 100 has a so-called top-emittingstructure. The display device 100 emits light from the transmissivesubstrate 9. The transmissive substrate 9 is a cover that protects theelement substrate 1.

The element substrate 1 includes a display region A10 in which an imageis displayed, and a peripheral region A20 that surrounds the displayregion A10 in plan view. Note that a planar shape of the display regionA10 is a quadrangular shape, but the shape is not limited thereto, andmay be another polygonal shape. Further, a planar shape of the displayregion A10 may not be completely quadrangular, and may have roundedcorners or may be partially missing. Further, the element substrate 1includes a plurality of pixels P, a data line drive circuit 101, ascanning line drive circuit 102, a control circuit 103, and a pluralityof external terminals 104.

The display region A10 is constituted of the plurality of pixels P. Eachof the pixels P is the smallest unit in display of an image. The pixelsP are arranged in matrix along the +x direction and the +y direction.Each of the pixels P includes a sub-pixel PB from which light in a bluewavelength region is acquired, a sub-pixel PG from which light in agreen wavelength region is acquired, and a sub-pixel PR from which lightin a red wavelength region is acquired. A shape of the sub-pixels PB,PG, and PR in each plan view is substantially quadrangular. Thesub-pixels PB, the sub-pixels PG, and the sub-pixels PR are arranged inthe same color along the +x direction, and are arranged repeatedly inthe order of blue, green, and red along the +y direction. Note that,when the sub-pixel PB, the sub-pixel PG, and the sub-pixel PR are notdifferentiated, they are expressed as a sub-pixel P0. The sub-pixel P0is an element that constitutes the pixel P. The sub-pixel P0 is anexample of a unit circuit that is the smallest unit of an image to bedisplayed, and one pixel P of a color image is expressed by thesub-pixel PB, the sub-pixel PG, and the sub-pixel PR. The sub-pixel P0is controlled independently of the other sub-pixel P0.

The data line drive circuit 101, the scanning line drive circuit 102,the control circuit 103, and the plurality of external terminals 104 aredisposed in the peripheral region A20 of the element substrate 1. Thedata line drive circuit 101 and the scanning line drive circuit 102 areperipheral circuits that control driving of each portion constitutingthe plurality of sub-pixels P0. The control circuit 103 controls displayof an image. Image data and the like are supplied from a higher circuit(not illustrated) to the control circuit 103. The control circuit 103supplies various signals based on the image data to the data line drivecircuit 101 and the scanning line drive circuit 102. A flexible printedcircuit (FPC) substrate and the like for achieving electrical couplingto the higher circuit (not illustrated) are coupled to the externalterminals 104. Further, a power supply circuit (not illustrated) iselectrically coupled to the element substrate 1.

FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the sub-pixel P0 according tothe first exemplary embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 2 , a scanningline 13 and a data line 14 are provided on the element substrate 1. Thescanning line 13 extends along the +y direction. The data line 14extends along the +x direction. Note that there are a plurality of thescanning lines 13 and the data lines 14. The plurality of scanning lines13 and the plurality of data lines 14 are arranged in a lattice shape.The plurality of scanning lines 13 are coupled to the scanning linedrive circuit 102 illustrated in FIG. 1 . The plurality of data lines 14are coupled to the data line drive circuit 101 illustrated in FIG. 1 .The sub-pixel P0 is provided to correspond to each of intersectionsbetween the plurality of scanning lines 13 and the plurality of datalines 14.

Each of the sub-pixel P0 includes an organic EL element 20 and a pixelcircuit 30 that controls driving of the organic EL element 20. Theorganic EL element 20 includes the pixel electrode 23, a commonelectrode 25, and a functional layer 24 disposed between the pixelelectrode 23 and the common electrode 25. The pixel electrode 23functions as an anode. The common electrode 25 functions as a cathode.In the organic EL element 20, positive holes supplied from the pixelelectrode 23 and electrons supplied from the common electrode 25 arerecombined in the functional layer 24, and thus the functional layer 24emits light. Note that a power supplying line 16 is electrically coupledto the common electrode 25. A power supply potential Vct on a lowpotential side is supplied from the power supply circuit (notillustrated) to the power supplying line 16. Herein, a pixel electrode23 is provided in each of the sub-pixels P0. The pixel electrode 23 canbe set to be independent of and different from the other pixel electrode23. More specifically, the pixel electrodes 23 may be set to flowdifferent currents, or different voltages may be set to the pixelelectrodes 23.

The pixel circuit 30 includes a switching transistor 31, a drivingtransistor 32, and a storage capacitor 33. A gate of the switchingtransistor 31 is electrically coupled to the scanning line 13. Further,one of a source and a drain of the switching transistor 31 iselectrically coupled to the data line 14, and the other is electricallycoupled to a gate of the driving transistor 32. Further, one of a sourceand a drain of the driving transistor 32 is electrically coupled to apower supplying line 15, and the other is electrically coupled to thepixel electrode 23. Note that a power supply potential Vel on a highpotential side is supplied from the power supply circuit (notillustrated) to the power supplying line 15. Further, one of electrodesof the storage capacitor 33 is coupled to the gate of the drivingtransistor 32, and the other electrode is coupled to the power supplyingline 15.

When the scanning line 13 is selected by activating a scanning signal bythe scanning line drive circuit 102, the switching transistor 31provided in the selected sub-pixel P0 is turned on. Then, the datasignal is supplied from the data line 14 to the driving transistor 32corresponding to the selected scanning line 13. The driving transistor32 supplies a current corresponding to a potential of the supplied datasignal, that is, a current corresponding to a potential differencebetween the gate and the source, to the organic EL element 20. Then, theorganic EL element 20 emits light at luminance corresponding to amagnitude of the current supplied from the driving transistor 32.Further, when the scanning line drive circuit 102 releases the selectionof the scanning line 13 and the switching transistor 31 is turned off,the potential of the gate of the driving transistor 32 is held by thestorage capacitor 33. Thus, the organic EL element 20 can emit lighteven after the switching transistor 31 is turned off.

Note that the configuration of the pixel circuit 30 described above isnot limited to the illustrated configuration. For example, the pixelcircuit 30 may further include a transistor that controls the conductionbetween the pixel electrode 23 and the driving transistor 32.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a partial cross section of the displaydevice 100 according to the first exemplary embodiment, and is a diagramcorresponding to a cross section of the display device 100 taken alongan A-A line in FIG. 1 .

As illustrated in FIG. 3 , the element substrate 1 includes a substrate10, a reflection layer 21, an insulating layer 22, an element portion 2,a protective layer 4, a color filter 5, a lens layer 61, and alight-transmitting layer 62. The reflection layer 21 includes aplurality of reflection portions 210. The element portion 2 includes theplurality of pixel electrodes 23, the functional layer 24, and thecommon electrode 25. In other words, the element portion 2 includes theplurality of organic EL elements 20 described above. The color filter 5includes a plurality of colored portions 51. The lens layer 61 includesa plurality of lenses 610. Further, the reflection layer 21, theinsulating layer 22, the element portion 2, the protective layer 4, thecolor filter 5, the lens layer 61, and the light-transmitting layer 62are arranged in this order from the substrate 10 toward the transmissivesubstrate 9.

One sub-pixel P0 is provided with one reflection portion 210, one pixelelectrode 23, one colored portion 51, and one lens 610. Note that, inthe following, the pixel electrode 23 provided in the sub-pixel PB isreferred to as a “pixel electrode 23B”, the pixel electrode 23 providedin the sub-pixel PG is referred to as a “pixel electrode 23G”, and thepixel electrode 23 provided in the sub-pixel PR is referred to as a“pixel electrode 23R”. Note that, when these pixel electrodes 23B, 23G,and 23R are not differentiated, they are expressed as the pixelelectrode 23. Similarly, the colored portion 51 provided in thesub-pixel PB is referred to as a “colored portion 51B”, the coloredportion 51 provided in the sub-pixel PG is referred to as a “coloredportion 51G”, and the colored portion 51 provided in the sub-pixel PR isreferred to as a “colored portion 51R”. Note that, when these coloredportions 51B, 51G, and 51R are not differentiated, they are expressed asthe colored portion 51. Each of the portions of the display device 100will be sequentially described below.

The substrate 10 is a wiring substrate on which the pixel circuit 30described above is formed on a base material formed of, for example, asilicon substrate. Note that the base material may be made of glass,resin, ceramic, or the like. In the present exemplary embodiment, thedisplay device 100 is a top-emission type, and thus the base materialmay or may not have translucency. Further, the switching transistor 31and the driving transistor 32 of the pixel circuit 30 may each be a MOStype transistor including an active layer, and the active layer may beformed of a silicon substrate, for example. The switching transistor 31and the driving transistor 32 of the pixel circuit 30 may be thin filmtransistors or may be field effect transistors. Examples of aconstituent material for each portion constituting the pixel circuit 30and various wires include conductive materials such as polysilicon,metal, metal silicide, and a metallic compound.

The reflection layer 21 having light reflecting properties is providedon the substrate 10. The plurality of reflection portions 210 of thereflection layer 21 are disposed in matrix in plan view, for example.One reflection portion 210 is disposed so as to correspond to one pixelelectrode 23. In other words, the reflection portion 210 and the pixelelectrode 23 are disposed in a one-to-one manner. Further, each of thereflection portions 210 overlaps the pixel electrode 23 in plan view.Each of the reflection portions 210 reflects light generated in alight-emitting layer 240 of the functional layer 24. Therefore, each ofthe reflection portions 210 has light reflecting properties.

Examples of a constituent material for the reflection layer 21 includemetals such as aluminum (Al) and silver (Ag), or alloys of these metals.Note that the reflection layer 21 may function as wiring that iselectrically coupled to the pixel circuit 30.

The insulating layer 22 having insulating properties is disposed on thereflection layer 21. The insulating layer 22 includes a first insulatingfilm 221, a second insulating film 222, a third insulating film 223, anda fourth insulating film 224. The first insulating film 221 is disposedso as to cover the reflection layer 21. The first insulating film 221 isformed in common across the sub-pixels PB, PG, and PR. The firstinsulating film 221 overlaps the pixel electrodes 23B, 23G, and 23R inplan view. The second insulating film 222 is disposed on the firstinsulating film 221. The second insulating film 222 overlaps the pixelelectrode 23R in plan view and does not overlap the pixel electrodes 23Band 23G in plan view. The third insulating film 223 is disposed so as tocover the second insulating film 222. The third insulating film 223overlaps the pixel electrodes 23R and 23G in plan view, and does notoverlap the pixel electrode 23B in plan view. The fourth insulating film224 covers an outer edge of each of the pixel electrodes 23B, 23G, and23R.

The insulating layer 22 adjusts an optical distance L0 being an opticaldistance between the reflection portion 210 and the common electrode 25described later. The optical distance L0 varies for each light emissioncolor. The optical distance L0 in the sub-pixel PB is set so as tocorrespond to the light in the blue wavelength region. The opticaldistance L0 in the sub-pixel PG is set so as to correspond to the lightin the green wavelength region. The optical distance L0 in the sub-pixelPR is set so as to correspond to the light in the red wavelength region.In the present exemplary embodiment, a thickness of the insulating layer22 varies depending on the sub-pixels PB, PG, and PR, and thus theoptical distance L0 varies for each light emission color.

Examples of a constituent material for each of the layers constitutingthe insulating layer 22 include silicon-based inorganic materials suchas silicon oxide and silicon nitride. Note that the configuration of theinsulating layer 22 is not limited to the configuration illustrated inFIG. 3 . In FIG. 3 , the third insulating film 223 is disposed on thesecond insulating film 222, but the second insulating film 222 may bedisposed on the third insulating film 223, for example.

The plurality of pixel electrodes 23 are disposed on the insulatinglayer 22. The plurality of pixel electrodes 23 are disposed between thesubstrate 10 and the lens layer 61 described later. Further, the pixelelectrode 23 has translucency. Examples of a constituent material forthe pixel electrode 23 include transparent conductive materials such asIndium Tin Oxide (ITO) and Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO). The plurality ofpixel electrodes 23 are electrically insulated from each other by theinsulating layer 22. Further, the pixel electrode 23B is disposed on asurface on the +z-axis side of the first insulating film 221. The pixelelectrode 23G and the pixel electrode 23R are each disposed on a surfaceon the +z-axis side of the third insulating film 223.

FIG. 4 is a plan view illustrating the pixel electrodes 23B, 23G, and23R according to the first exemplary embodiment. A shape of the pixelelectrodes 23B, 23G, and 23R in each plan view is not particularlylimited, but the shape is substantially quadrangular in the exampleillustrated in FIG. 4 . The fourth insulating film 224 includes anopening 245 overlapping the pixel electrode 23B in plan view, an opening246 overlapping the pixel electrode 23G in plan view, and an opening 247overlapping the pixel electrode 23R in plan view. Each of the openings245, 246, and 247 is a hole formed in the fourth insulating film 224.

As illustrated in FIG. 3 , a portion excluding the outer edge of each ofthe pixel electrodes 23B, 23G, and 23R is exposed and is in contact withthe functional layer 24. Thus, a portion overlapping the opening 245 inplan view illustrated in FIG. 4 substantially functions as the pixelelectrode 23B. Similarly, a portion overlapping the opening 246 in planview substantially functions as the pixel electrode 23G. A portionoverlapping the opening 247 in plan view substantially functions as thepixel electrode 23R. The portions overlapping the opening 245, theopening 246, and the opening 247 are light-emitting portions thatcontribute to light emission. A portion of the element portion 2overlapping the light-emitting portion in plan view is a light-emittingregion in which light is emitted.

In the present exemplary embodiment, planar areas of the plurality ofpixel electrodes 23 are equal to each other. Further, widths W2 of theplurality of pixel electrodes 23 are equal to each other. The width W2is a length along the +y direction. Note that the planar areas of theplurality of pixel electrodes 23 may be different from each other. Thewidths W2 of the plurality of pixel electrodes 23 may be different fromeach other.

The functional layer 24 is disposed in common to the sub-pixels PB, PG,and PR. The functional layer 24 includes the light-emitting layer 240that contains an organic light-emitting material. The organiclight-emitting material is a light-emitting organic compound. Inaddition to the light-emitting layer 240, the functional layer 24includes, for example, a positive hole injecting layer, a positive holetransport layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injectinglayer, and the like. The functional layer 24 includes the light-emittinglayer 240 from which the light emission colors of blue, green, and redare acquired, and achieves white light emission. Note that theconfiguration of the functional layer 24 is not particularly limited tothe configuration described above, and a known configuration can beapplied.

The common electrode 25 is disposed on the functional layer 24. In otherwords, the common electrode 25 is disposed between the plurality ofpixel electrodes 23 and the lens layer 61 described later. The commonelectrode 25 is disposed in common to the sub-pixels PB, PG, and PR. Thecommon electrode 25 has light reflecting properties and translucency.Examples of a constituent material for the common electrode 25 includevarious metals such as alloys including Ag such as MgAg.

The common electrode 25 resonates light generated in the light-emittinglayer 240 between the reflection layer 21 and the common electrode 25. Alight resonance structure in which light with a desired resonantwavelength can be extracted for each of the sub-pixels PB, PG, and PR isformed by providing the common electrode 25 and the reflection layer 21.The light resonance structure is formed, and thus light emission atenhanced luminance is acquired at a resonance wavelength correspondingto each light emission color. The resonant wavelength is determined bythe optical distance L0 described above. When a peak wavelength of aspectrum of light in a predetermined wavelength region is represented byλ0, the following relationship [1] holds true. Φ (radian) represents asum of phase shifts that occur during transmission and reflectionbetween the reflection portion 210 and the common electrode 25.{(2×L0)/λ0+Φ}/(2π)=m0 (m0 is an integer)  [1]

The optical distance L0 is set such that a peak wavelength of light in awavelength region to be extracted is λ0. The light in the predeterminedwavelength region is enhanced by adjusting the optical distance L0 inaccordance with the light in the wavelength region to be extracted, andthe light can be increased in intensity and a spectrum of the light canbe narrowed.

Note that, in the present exemplary embodiment, as described above, theoptical distance L0 is adjusted by varying the thickness of theinsulating layer 22 for each of the sub-pixels PB, PG, and PR. However,the optical distance L0 may be adjusted by varying the thickness of thepixel electrode 23 for each of the sub-pixels PB, PG, and PR, forexample. Further, the thickness of the insulating layer 22 is set inconsideration of a refractive index of a constituent material for eachof the layers constituting the insulating layer 22.

The protective layer 4 having translucency is formed on the commonelectrode 25. The protective layer 4 protects the organic EL element 20and the like. The protective layer 4 may protect each of the organic ELelements 20 from external moisture, oxygen, or the like. In other words,the protective layer 4 has gas barrier properties. Thus, reliability ofthe display device 100 can be increased as compared to a case in whichthe protective layer 4 is not provided. The protective layer 4 includesa first layer 41, a second layer 42, and a third layer 43. The firstlayer 41, the second layer 42, and the third layer 43 are laminated inthis order in the +z direction from the common electrode 25.

Examples of a constituent material for the first layer 41 and the thirdlayer 43 include silicon-based inorganic materials including nitrogensuch as silicon oxynitride and silicon nitride. When the first layer 41is mainly composed of a silicon-based inorganic material includingnitride, the gas barrier properties of the first layer 41 can beincreased further than those when the first layer 41 is mainly composedof silicon oxide. The same also applies to the third layer 43.

Examples of a constituent material for the second layer 42 include resinmaterials such as epoxy resins. The unevenness of a surface of the firstlayer 41 described above on the +z-axis side is influenced by theunevenness of a surface on the +z-axis side of the common electrode 25.Thus, by providing the second layer 42 formed of a resin material, theunevenness of the surface on the +z-axis side of the first layer 41 canbe suitably relieved. Thus, the surface on the +z-axis side of theprotective layer 4 can be made flat. Further, a constituent material forthe second layer 42 may be an inorganic material such as silicon oxide,such as silicon dioxide, and aluminum oxide, for example. Even when adefect such as a pinhole occurs in the first layer 41 duringmanufacturing, the defect can be complemented by providing the secondlayer 42 formed of the inorganic material. Thus, it is possible toparticularly effectively suppress transmission of moisture and the likein the atmosphere to the functional layer 24 with, as a path, a defectsuch as a pinhole that may occur in the first layer 41.

Note that other materials except for the constituent materials describedabove may be included in the first layer 41, the second layer 42, andthe third layer 43 to the extent that the function of each layer is notreduced. The protective layer 4 is not limited to the configurationincluding the first layer 41, the second layer 42, and the third layer43, and may further include a layer other than these layers. Further,any two or more of the first layer 41, the second layer 42, and thethird layer 43 may be omitted.

The color filter 5 is disposed on the protective layer 4. In otherwords, the color filter 5 is disposed between the pixel electrode 23 andthe lens layer 61. The color filter 5 selectively transmits the light inthe predetermined wavelength region. Color purity of light emitted fromthe display device 100 can be increased by providing the color filter 5as compared to a case in which the color filter 5 is not provided. Thecolor filter 5 is formed of a resin material such as an acrylicphotosensitive resin material containing a color material, for example.The predetermined wavelength region that selectively transmits lightincludes the peak wavelength λ0 determined by the optical distance L0.

The color filter 5 includes the colored portion 51B that transmits thelight in the blue wavelength region, the colored portion 51G thattransmits the light in the green wavelength region, and the coloredportion 51R that transmits the light in the red wavelength region.Further, the colored portion 51B blocks the light in the greenwavelength region and the light in the red wavelength region, thecolored portion 51G blocks the light in the blue wavelength region andthe light in the red wavelength region, and the colored portion 51Rblocks the light in the blue wavelength region and the light in thegreen wavelength region.

FIG. 5 is a plan view illustrating a part of the color filter 5according to the first exemplary embodiment. A shape of the coloredportion 51 in plan view is not particularly limited, but the shape isquadrangular in the example illustrated in FIG. 5. One colored portion51 is disposed so as to correspond to one pixel electrode 23. In otherwords, the colored portion 51 and the pixel electrode 23 are disposed ina one-to-one manner. Further, the colored portion 51 overlaps thecorresponding pixel electrode 23 in plan view. Note that, in the presentexemplary embodiment, the colored portion 51 overlaps all of the pixelelectrodes 23 in plan view, but may overlap a part of the pixelelectrode 23 in plan view. Further, a planar area of the colored portion51 may be equal to or less than the planar area of the pixel electrode23. Further, the planar areas of the plurality of colored portions 51may be different from each other. Further, widths W5 of the plurality ofcolored portions 51 are equal to each other. The width W5 is a lengthalong the +y direction. Note that the planar areas of the plurality ofcolored portions 51 may be different from each other. The widths W5 ofthe plurality of colored portions 51 may be different from each other.The colored portion 51 overlaps the light-emitting region in plan view.In other words, the colored portion 51 overlaps any of the opening 245,the opening 246, and the opening 247 in plan view. Further, the planararea of the colored portion 51 is greater than a planar area of thelight-emitting portion of the pixel electrode 23. A part of the coloredportion 51 may be disposed between the pixel electrode 23 and the lenslayer 61.

As illustrated in FIG. 3 , the lens layer 61 having translucency isdisposed on the color filter 5. The lens layer 61 includes the pluralityof lenses 610. One lens 610 is provided for one sub-pixel P0. The lens610 protrudes from the color filter 5 toward the transmissive substrate9. The lens 610 is a microlens including a lens surface 611. The lenssurface 611 is a convex surface. Note that the lens 610 may be aso-called spherical lens or a so-called aspherical lens.

Further, heights T6 of the plurality of lenses 610 are equal to eachother. The height T6 is a maximum length along the +z direction. Notethat the heights T6 of the plurality of lenses 610 may be different fromeach other.

FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating a part of the lens layer 61 accordingto the first exemplary embodiment. A shape of the lens 610 in plan viewis not particularly limited, but the shape is quadrangular with roundedcorners in the example illustrated in FIG. 6 . The outer edges of thetwo adjacent lenses 610 are coupled to each other in plan view. Further,one lens 610 is disposed so as to correspond to one pixel electrode 23.In other words, the lens 610 and the pixel electrode 23 are disposed ina one-to-one manner. Further, the lens 610 overlaps the pixel electrode23 in plan view. The planar area of the lens 610 is substantially equalto the planar area of the pixel electrode 23. However, the planar areaof the lens 610 is greater than the planar area of the light-emittingportion of the pixel electrode 23. Further, the widths W6 of theplurality of lenses 610 are substantially equal to each other. The widthW6 is a length along the +y direction. One lens 610 is disposed so as tocorrespond to the light-emitting region. The lens 610 overlaps thelight-emitting region in plan view. In other words, the lens 610overlaps any of the opening 245, the opening 246, and the opening 247 inplan view.

Note that, as illustrated in FIG. 3 , the lens 610 may overlap thecorresponding colored portion 51 and the corresponding pixel electrode23 in plan view. Overlapping between the lens 610 and the coloredportion 51 may be partial. Further, overlapping between the lens 610 andthe pixel electrode 23 may be partial. The pixel electrode 23, thecolored portion 51, and the lens 610 provided in the sub-pixel may bedisposed in this order in a row. The pixel electrode 23, the coloredportion 51, and the lens 610 provided in the sub-pixel may be disposedlinearly.

Note that, in the present exemplary embodiment, the lens 610 overlapsalmost all of the pixel electrodes 23 in plan view, but may overlap apart of the pixel electrode 23 in plan view. Further, the planar area ofthe lens 610 may be greater than the planar area of the pixel electrode23, and may be smaller than the planar area of the pixel electrode 23.Further, the widths W6 of the plurality of lenses 610 may be differentfrom each other.

Examples of a constituent material for the lens 610 include materialshaving translucency and insulating properties. Specifically, examples ofthe constituent material for the lens 610 include materials havingtranslucency and insulating properties. Specific examples of theconstituent material for the lens 610 include resin materials such asepoxy resins. Further, the constituent material for the lens 610 may bealuminum oxide and a silicon-based inorganic material, such as siliconoxynitride.

A refractive index of the constituent material for the lens 610 ishigher than a refractive index of a constituent material for thelight-transmitting layer 62 described later. Specifically, therefractive index of the constituent material for the lens 610 is, forexample, equal to or greater than 1.5 and equal to or less than 1.8 withrespect to visible light having a wavelength of 550 nm.

As illustrated in FIG. 3 , the light-transmitting layer 62 havingtranslucency and insulating properties is disposed on the lens layer 61.The light-transmitting layer 62 contacts the plurality of lens surfaces611. Further, a surface of the light-transmitting layer 62 in contactwith the transmissive substrate 9 is flat.

Examples of the constituent material for the light-transmitting layer 62include silicon-based inorganic materials such as silicon oxide, resinmaterials such as acrylic resin, and the like. The light-transmittinglayer 62 is formed so as to coat the plurality of lens surfaces 611 byusing the resin material, and thus it is easy to flatten the surface onthe +z-axis side of the light-transmitting layer 62.

The refractive index of the constituent material for thelight-transmitting layer 62 is lower than the refractive index of theconstituent material for the lens 610. The refractive index of theconstituent material for the light-transmitting layer 62 is, forexample, equal to or greater than 1.0 and equal to or less than 1.6 withrespect to visible light having a wavelength of 550 nm. Here, when therefractive index of the constituent material for the lens 610 is equalto or greater than 1.5 and equal to or less than 1.6, the refractiveindex of the constituent material for the light-transmitting layer 62 isset to be smaller than 1.5. A difference between the refractive index ofthe constituent material for the light-transmitting layer 62 and therefractive index of the constituent material for the lens 610 may begreat. Note that, for example, the light-transmitting layer 62 may beformed in a space formed between the color filter 5 and the transmissivesubstrate 9 described later. In other words, the light-transmittinglayer 62 may be formed in gas such as air or a vacuum.

Further, a focal point of the lens 610 described above on the substrate10 side is located between the color filter 5 and the element portion 2.Further, a focal point of the lens 610 on the transmissive substrate 9side is located inside the transmissive substrate 9. In other words, therefractive index of the constituent material for the lens 610, therefractive index of the constituent material for the light-transmittinglayer 62, and the like are set such that the focal point of the lens 610on the transmissive substrate 9 side is located inside the transmissivesubstrate 9.

The transmissive substrate 9 having translucency is disposed on thelight-transmitting layer 62. When the light-transmitting layer 62described above has adhesive properties, the transmissive substrate 9 isbonded to the element substrate 1 by the light-transmitting layer 62.Note that, when the light-transmitting layer 62 does not have adhesiveproperties, a member having adhesive properties may be disposed betweenthe light-transmitting layer 62 and the transmissive substrate 9.

In the present exemplary embodiment, a refractive index of theconstituent material for the transmissive substrate 9 is lower than therefractive index of the constituent material for the lens 610. Thetransmissive substrate 9 is formed of, for example, a glass substrate ora quartz substrate. The refractive index of the constituent material forthe transmissive substrate 9 is not particularly limited, but is, forexample, equal to or greater than 1.4 and equal to or less than 1.6 withrespect to visible light having a wavelength of 550 nm. Note that therefractive index of the constituent material for the transmissivesubstrate 9 may be equal to or greater than the refractive index of theconstituent material for the lens 610.

The configuration of the display device 100 has been described above.Next, a light path of light radiated from the organic EL element 20 willbe described.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the light path according to the firstexemplary embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 7 , the light radiated fromthe organic EL element 20 is radiated at a radiation angle θ when thelight is emitted from the transmissive substrate 9 to the outside. InFIG. 7 , a luminous flux LL of the light radiated from one point of theorganic EL element 20 provided in one sub-pixel P0 is illustrated. Theradiation angle θ is a solid angle of the luminous flux LL, and is anangle at which the light spreads around a principal ray A1 that is apeak of the intensity of the light.

As described above, the refractive index of the constituent material forthe lens 610 is higher than the refractive index of the constituentmaterial for the light-transmitting layer 62. Thus, a refractive angleat the lens surface 611 is smaller than an incident angle. Accordingly,a luminous flux LL is refracted by the lens surface 611 and thusconverges closer to the inside than a luminous flux LL0 indicated by abroken line. Note that the luminous flux LL0 is a luminous flux when thelens surface 611 is not provided and the lens layer 61 is formed of thesame material as the light-transmitting layer 62. Further, as describedabove, the focal point of the lens 610 on the transmissive substrate 9side is located inside the transmissive substrate 9. Thus, a position PLin which the luminous flux LL illustrated in FIG. 7 is transmittedthrough the lens 610 and converges is located inside the transmissivesubstrate 9. In other words, the luminous flux LL converges inside thetransmissive substrate 9. Subsequently, the luminous flux LL spreadsagain inside the transmissive substrate 9. In this way, by providing thelens layer 61 and the light-transmitting layer 62, the radiation angle θin the sub-pixel P0 can be increased as compared to a case in which thelens layer 61 and the light-transmitting layer 62 are not provided.Furthermore, the refractive index of the air outside is smaller than therefractive index of the constituent material for the transmissivesubstrate 9. Therefore, the luminous flux LL of the light refracted bythe lens surface 611 is refracted by the surface of the transmissivesubstrate 9, and thus further spreads closer to the outside than theluminous flux LL0. Thus, the radiation angle θ can be increased furtherthan that when the transmissive substrate 9 is not provided.

As described above, the display device 100 includes the substrate 10,the lens layer 61, the light-transmitting layer 62, the pixel electrode23, and the color filter 5. The refractive index of the constituentmaterial for the lens 610 is higher than the refractive index of theconstituent material for the light-transmitting layer 62. Then, one lens610 is disposed so as to correspond to one pixel electrode 23. In otherwords, one pixel electrode 23 and one lens 610 are provided for onesub-pixel P0. The radiation angle θ of the light emitted from each ofthe sub-pixels P0 can be increased by providing the lens 610 for eachsub-pixel P0. Thus, a visual field angle characteristic of the displaydevice 100 can be enhanced. In other words, a range of a visual fieldangle at which viewing is allowed without image quality changes such asa color shift can be extended.

Further, the lens 610 is disposed on the +z-axis side with respect tothe color filter 5. Thus, the radiation angle θ of light with high colorpurity that is transmitted through the color filter 5 can be increased.Accordingly, the visual field angle characteristic and image quality canbe enhanced further than those when the lens 610 is disposed on the−z-axis side with respect to the color filter 5.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the lens 610 is provided in all ofthe sub-pixels P0. Thus, the display device 100 particularly has anexcellent visual field angle characteristic. Note that the lens 610 maynot be provided in some of all of the sub-pixels P0.

Also, as described above, the lens surface 611 of the lens 610 is aconvex surface. Further, the refractive index of the constituentmaterial for the lens 610 is higher than the refractive index of theconstituent material for the light-transmitting layer 62. For thisreason, as described above, the luminous flux LL that converges to thelens surface 611 spreads again, and thus the radiation angle θ in thesub-pixel P0 can be increased. Further, since a shape of the lens 610 isconvex, formation of the lens 610 is easier than that when the shape isconcave. Note that the formation method will be described below indetail.

As described above, the transmissive substrate 9 is further provided.The lens layer 61 and the light-transmitting layer 62 are disposedbetween the transmissive substrate 9 and the color filter 5. Thus, bypositioning the transmissive substrate 9 on the outermost layer of thedisplay device 100, the radiation angle θ of the light emitted to theoutside can be further increased on the outer surface of thetransmissive substrate 9.

Further, as described above, the focal point of the lens 610 on thetransmissive substrate 9 side is located inside the transmissivesubstrate 9. For this reason, the luminous flux LL can converge insidethe transmissive substrate 9, and thus the radiation angle θ of thelight emitted from the transmissive substrate 9 can be increased.Accordingly, the visual field angle characteristic can be improved morereliably.

As described above, the color filter 5, the lens layer 61, thelight-transmitting layer 62, and the transmissive substrate 9 aredisposed in this order. By disposing them in this order, when each layeris formed so as to be laminated from the substrate 10 side, the convexlens 610 is easily formed on the color filter 5.

Furthermore, the lens layer 61 contacts the color filter 5. A surface ofthe lens layer 61 opposite to the lens surface 611 contacts the colorfilter 5. The lens layer 61 contacts the color filter 5, and thus lighttransmitted through the color filter 5 can be efficiently incident onthe lens 610 as compared to a case in which other members are disposedbetween the lens layer 61 and the color filter 5. Thus, the utilizationefficiency of the light transmitted through the color filter 5 can beincreased. Thus, a bright image can be displayed.

Note that other members may be disposed between each of the color filter5, the lens layer 61, the light-transmitting layer 62, and thetransmissive substrate 9. However, these may be laminated. By laminatingthem, the light transmitted through the color filter 5 can beefficiently incident on the lens 610, and the light transmitted throughthe lens 610 can also be efficiently emitted to the outside.

As illustrated in FIG. 6 , the lens 610 may overlap all of the pixelelectrodes 23 in plan view, and the planar area of the lens 610 may begreater than the planar area of the pixel electrode 23. Such aconfiguration allows light generated from the organic EL element 20 tobe efficiently incident on the lens 610. Thus, the bright display device100 having the wide radiation angle θ can be achieved.

Further, the display device 100 according to the present exemplaryembodiment includes the organic EL element 20. In other words, thedisplay device 100 includes the pixel electrode 23, the common electrode25, and the light-emitting layer 240 disposed between the pixelelectrode 23 and the common electrode 25. The display device 100includes the organic EL element 20, and thus an organic EL displaydevice is formed. Thus, the display device 100 can achieve the organicEL display device having an excellent visual field angle characteristic.

Furthermore, the display device 100 has the light resonance structure.With the light resonance structure, light can be increased in intensityand a spectrum of the light can be narrowed. For this reason, thedisplay device 100 having the light resonance structure includes thelens layer 61 and the light-transmitting layer 62, and thus an effect ofexpanding the radiation angle θ by the lens surface 611 is exhibitedparticularly suitably, and the visual field angle characteristic isfurther enhanced.

1B. Method for Manufacturing Display Device 100

FIG. 8 is a flow of a method for manufacturing the display device 100according to the first exemplary embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 8 ,the method for manufacturing the display device 100 includes an elementsubstrate preparation step S11, an insulating layer formation step S12,an element portion formation step S13, a protective layer formation stepS14, a color filter formation step S15, a lens layer formation step S16,and a light-transmitting layer formation step S17. The display device100 is manufactured by performing the steps in this order.

In the element substrate preparation step S11, the substrate 10 and thereflection layer 21 that are described above are formed. In theinsulating layer formation step S12, the insulating layer 22 is formed.In the element portion formation step S13, the element portion 2 isformed on the insulating layer 22. In other words, the plurality oforganic EL elements 20 are formed. In the protective layer formationstep S14, the protective layer 4 is formed. In the color filterformation step S15, the color filter 5 is formed. The element substrate1, the reflection layer 21, the element portion 2, the protective layer4, and the color filter 5 are formed by a known technique.

FIGS. 9, 10, 11, and 12 are each a diagram illustrating the lens layerformation step S16 according to the first exemplary embodiment. First,as illustrated in FIG. 9 , a lens material layer 61 a is formed bydepositing a lens forming composition on the color filter 5. The lensforming composition is, for example, aluminum oxide, a silicon-basedinorganic material such as silicon oxide, a resin material such as epoxyresin, and the like. The formation of the lens material layer 61 a uses,for example, a CVD method. Next, a mask Ml is formed on the lensmaterial layer 61 a. The mask Ml includes a plurality of patternportions M11. Each of the pattern portions M11 corresponds to a positionin which the lens 610 is formed. The mask Ml is formed by using, forexample, a positive photosensitive resist in which an exposed portion isremoved by development. The plurality of pattern portions M11 are formedby patterning by a photolithography technique.

Next, the mask Ml is melted by performing heat treatment such as reflowtreatment on the mask Ml. The mask Ml is melted to be in a fluid state,and a surface is deformed into a curved surface due to the action ofsurface tension. The surface is deformed, and thus a plurality of convexportions M12 are formed on the lens material layer 61 a, as illustratedin FIG. 10 . One convex portion M12 is formed from one pattern portionM11. A shape of the convex portion M12 is substantially hemispherical.

Next, anisotropic etching such as dry etching, for example, is performedon the convex portion M12 and the lens material layer 61 a. In this way,the convex portion M12 is removed, and the exposed portion of the lensmaterial layer 61 a is etched due to the removal of the convex portionM12. As a result, the shape of the convex portion M12 is transferred tothe lens material layer 61 a, and a plurality of lens convex portions611 a are formed as illustrated in FIG. 11 . Next, the same material asthe lens material layer 61 a, namely, the lens convex portion 611 a, isdeposited on the lens convex portion 611 a by using, for example, theCVD method. As a result, as illustrated in FIG. 12 , a lens coat 612 ais formed on the plurality of lens convex portions 611 a. Thus, the lenslayer 61 constituted of the plurality of lens convex portions 611 a andthe lens coat 612 a is formed.

Note that, as a method for processing the mask Ml into a shape of theconvex portion M12, for example, a method of exposure by using a grayscale mask and the like, a method of multistage exposure, or the likemay be used. Note that the mask is used in the description above, butthe lens 610 may be formed directly from a resin material such asacrylic resin by using the photolithography technique.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the light-transmitting layer formationstep S17 according to the first exemplary embodiment. As illustrated inFIG. 13 , in the light-transmitting layer formation step S17, thelight-transmitting layer 62 is formed by depositing a light-transmittinglayer forming composition on the lens layer 61. The light-transmittinglayer forming composition has a refractive index lower than a refractiveindex of the lens forming composition described above.

For example, when the light-transmitting layer forming composition is anadhesive, the light-transmitting layer forming composition is depositedon the lens layer 61. Subsequently, the transmissive substrate 9 ispressed onto the deposited light-transmitting layer forming composition,and the light-transmitting layer forming composition is cured. Accordingto this method, the light-transmitting layer 62 is formed, and thetransmissive substrate 9 is also bonded to the element substrate 1. Notethat, when the light-transmitting layer 62 does not have adhesiveproperties, an adhesive layer that bonds the light-transmitting layer 62and the transmissive substrate 9 together is provided therebetween.

According to the method described above, the display device 100 can beeasily and quickly formed. Further, since the shape of the lens 610 isconvex, it is easy to form the lens 610 by using the photolithographytechnique or the like as described above. For this reason, the lenslayer 61 can be formed easily and with high accuracy as compared to acase in which the shape of the lens 610 is concave. Also, even when aconstituent material for the lens layer 61 is an inorganic material, itis easy to form the convex lens 610 by using the photolithographytechnique or the like. Further, the alignment of the colored portion 51and the lens 610 can be particularly easily performed by forming thelens layer 61 on the color filter 5.

2. Second Exemplary Embodiment

Next, a second exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure will bedescribed. FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically illustrating a displaydevice 100 a according to the second exemplary embodiment. The presentexemplary embodiment is different from the first exemplary embodiment inthat colored portions 51B, 51G, and 51R have different thicknesses andthat a flattening layer 7 is provided. Note that, in the secondexemplary embodiment, a sign used in the description of the firstexemplary embodiment is used for the same matter as that of the firstexemplary embodiment, and each detailed description thereof will beappropriately omitted.

In the display device 100 a illustrated in FIG. 14 , the coloredportions 51B, 51G, and 51R have thicknesses different from one another.For example, each thickness is adjusted such that appropriatechromaticity and the like are acquired. Herein, the colored portions51B, 51G, and 51R having the thicknesses different from one another areformed on a protective layer 4 including a flat surface, and thus asurface on the +z-axis side of a color filter 5 a has irregularities.Thus, it becomes difficult to form a lens layer 61 on the surface on the+z-axis side of the color filter 5 a. Thus, in the display device 100 aaccording to the present exemplary embodiment, the flattening layer 7having translucency is disposed on the color filter 5 a. In other words,the flattening layer 7 is disposed between the color filter 5 a and thelens layer 61.

A surface on the +z-axis side of the flattening layer 7 is a flatsurface 71. The flat surface 71 contacts the lens layer 61. Theflattening layer 7 relieves the irregularities of the color filter 5 a.Thus, the lens 610 can be formed on the flat surface 71 by providing theflattening layer 7. For this reason, the lens layer 61 can be formedwithout being influenced by the irregularities on the surface on the+z-axis side of the color filter 5 a.

The flattening layer 7 is constituted of, for example, an inorganiclayer formed of an inorganic material, an organic layer formed of anorganic layer, or a laminated layer of an inorganic layer and an organiclayer.

3. Third Exemplary Embodiment

Next, a third exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure will bedescribed. FIG. 15 is a diagram schematically illustrating a displaydevice 100 b according to the third exemplary embodiment. FIG. 16 is adiagram illustrating a method for manufacturing the display device 100 baccording to the third exemplary embodiment. The present exemplaryembodiment is different from the first exemplary embodiment in that anarrangement of a lens layer 61 and a light-transmitting layer 62 isdifferent. Note that, in the third exemplary embodiment, a sign used inthe description of the first exemplary embodiment is used for the samematter as that of the first exemplary embodiment, and each detaileddescription thereof will be appropriately omitted.

In the display device 100 b illustrated in FIG. 15 , thelight-transmitting layer 62 and the lens layer 61 are arranged in thisorder from a color filter 5 toward a transmissive substrate 9. In otherwords, the color filter 5, the light-transmitting layer 62, the lenslayer 61, and the transmissive substrate 9 are arranged in this order.Further, a lens 610 protrudes from the transmissive substrate 9 towardthe color filter 5. Thus, a lens surface 611 is a convex surfaceprotruding toward the color filter 5. Further, in the present exemplaryembodiment, similarly to the first exemplary embodiment, a refractiveindex of a constituent material for the lens 610 is also higher than arefractive index of a constituent material for the light-transmittinglayer 62.

In the arrangement of the light-transmitting layer 62 and the lens layer61 illustrated in FIG. 15 , a radiation angle θ in a sub-pixel P0 canalso be increased by providing the lens layer 61 and thelight-transmitting layer 62 as compared to a case in which the lenslayer 61 and the light-transmitting layer 62 are not provided, similarlyto the first exemplary embodiment. Furthermore, the radiation angle θcan be further increased by providing the transmissive substrate 9.

As illustrated in FIG. 16 , in the manufacturing of the display device100 b, the lens layer 61 is formed on the transmissive substrate 9. Amethod similar to the method described in the first exemplary embodimentis used as a method for forming the lens layer 61. Subsequently, adeposition layer 62 a formed of a light-transmitting layer formingcomposition is formed on the lens layer 61. Subsequently, the depositionlayer 62 a is pressed against the color filter 5 by moving thetransmissive substrate 9 in a direction of an arrow A9. Then, in thepressed state, the deposition layer 62 a is cured. Thelight-transmitting layer 62 is bonded to the color filter 5 by curingthe deposition layer 62 a. Note that, when the light-transmitting layer62 does not have adhesive properties, an adhesive layer that bonds thelight-transmitting layer 62 and the color filter 5 is providedtherebetween.

According to this method, by forming the lens layer 61 on the surface ofthe transmissive substrate 9, the convex lens 610 can be formed easilyand with high accuracy on the transmissive substrate 9 by using thephotolithography technique or the like. Further, since the lens layer 61is formed on the transmissive substrate 9, an influence of heat and thelike on an organic EL element 20 is reduced even when the organic ELelement 20 has poor heat resistance.

4. Modified Example

Each of the exemplary embodiments exemplified in the above can bevariously modified. Specific modification aspects applied to each of theembodiments described above are exemplified below. Two or more modesfreely selected from exemplifications below can be appropriately used incombination as long as mutual contradiction does not arise.

4-1. First Modified Example

In each of the exemplary embodiments described above, the organic ELelement 20 has the light resonance structure having a resonance lengthvarying for color, but may not have the light resonance structure. Theelement portion 2 may include, for example, a partition wall thatpartitions the functional layer 24 for each of the organic EL elements20. Further, the pixel electrode 23 may also have light reflectingproperties. In this case, the reflection layer 21 may be omitted.Further, although the common electrode 25 is common in the plurality oforganic EL elements 20, an individual cathode may be provided for eachof the organic EL elements 20.

4-2. Second Modified Example

A so-called black matrix having light shielding properties may bedisposed between the lenses 610. By disposing the black matrix, lighttransmitted through a colored portion 51 provided in a certain sub-pixelP0 can be reduced or prevented from being incident on the lens 610provided in the sub-pixel P0 adjacent to the certain sub-pixel P0.Further, the black matrix may be disposed between the colored portions51 in order to prevent color mixing between the colored portions 51adjacent to each other.

4-3. Third Modified Example

A shape of the pixel electrode 23, the lens 610, and the color filter 5in each plan view is not limited to the shape in each of the exemplaryembodiments described above. FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating amodified example of the pixel electrode 23 and the lens 610. The shapeof the pixel electrodes 23 and the lens 610 illustrated in FIG. 17 ineach plan view may be rectangular. A length along the +x direction and alength along the +y direction may be different from each other. FIG. 18is a diagram illustrating a modified example of the colored portion 51and the lens 610, and is a cross-sectional view taken along a B-B lineillustrated in FIG. 17 . FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a modifiedexample of the colored portion 51 and the lens 610, and is across-sectional view taken along a C-C line illustrated in FIG. 17 . Asillustrated in FIGS. 18 and 19 , a shape of the lens 610 in plan view isappropriately set according to a shape of the light-emitting portion inplan view. Thus, the shape of the lens 610 in plan view may correspondto the shape of the pixel electrode 23 illustrated in FIG. 17 in planview. Note that the same also applies to the shape of the coloredportion 51. Further, as illustrated in FIGS. 18 and 19 , the lenses 610adjacent to each other may be separated.

FIG. 20 is a plan view illustrating a modified example of the colorfilter 5. As illustrated in FIG. 20 , the colored portion 51 may bedisposed so as to correspond to the plurality of pixel electrodes 23.Specifically, the colored portion 51B overlaps the plurality of pixelelectrodes 23B corresponding to blue. The colored portion 51G overlapsthe plurality of pixel electrodes 23G corresponding to green. Thecolored portion 51R overlaps the plurality of pixel electrodes 23Rcorresponding to red. In the example illustrated in FIG. 20 , thecolored portions 51B, 51G, and 51R are arranged in a stripe shape.Further, the colored portions 51B, 51G, and 51R may overlap each otherin plan view. In FIG. 20 , the colored portion 51B includes anoverlapping portion 519B that overlaps the colored portion 51G in planview. The colored portion 51G includes an overlapping portion 519G thatoverlaps the colored portion 51R in plan view.

FIGS. 21, 22, 23, and 24 are each a plan view illustrating a modifiedexample of the pixel electrode 23, the lens 610, and the colored portion51. In FIGS. 21, 22, and 23 , the pixel electrode 23, the lens 610, andthe colored portion 51 in one pixel P are illustrated. In FIG. 24 , aportion surrounded by a thick line corresponds to one pixel P.

As illustrated in FIG. 21 , shapes of the plurality of pixel electrodes23 in plan view may be different from each other. The shape of the lens610 and the colored portion 51 in each plan view may correspond to theshape of the light-emitting portion. Thus, the shape of the lens 610 andthe colored portion 51 in each plan view may correspond to the shape ofthe pixel electrode 23 in plan view. For this reason, as illustrated inFIG. 21 , the shapes of the plurality of lenses 610 in plan view may bedifferent from each other. The shapes of the plurality of coloredportions 51 in plan view may be different from each other.

As illustrated in FIG. 22 , the arrangement of the colored portions 51B,51G, and 51R may be a so-called rectangle arrangement. The coloredportions 51B, 51G, and 51R may not be aligned in the +y direction. Asillustrated in FIG. 22 , each arrangement of the pixel electrode 23 andthe lens 610 is disposed so as to correspond to the arrangement of thecolored portion 51.

As illustrated in FIG. 23 , the arrangement of the colored portions 51B,51G, and 51R may be a so-called Bayer arrangement. One pixel P mayinclude the plurality of colored portions 51 of the same color. In FIG.22 , one pixel P includes two colored portions 51B.

As illustrated in FIG. 24 , the arrangement of the colored portions 51B,51G, and 51R may be a so-called delta arrangement. The shape of onepixel P in plan view may not be quadrangular. Note that the shape of thepixel electrode 23, the lens 610, and the colored portion 51 in eachplan view may be a polygon other than a square, such as a hexagon, ormay be circular, for example, which is not limited to a quadrangular.

4-4. Fourth Modified Example

A part of the lens 610 and the colored portion 51 may not overlap thecorresponding pixel electrode 23 in plan view. For example, the lens 610and the colored portion 51 may be disposed on the center side of thedisplay region A10 or offset to the outside of the display region A10with respect to the corresponding pixel electrode 23.

FIGS. 25 and 26 are each a diagram schematically illustrating a modifiedexample of the pixel electrode 23, the colored portion 51, and the lens610. The colored portion 51 is disposed offset with respect to the pixelelectrode 23 in plan view, and thus the principal ray A1 can be inclinedwith respect to the normal line a1 of the pixel electrode 23, asillustrated in FIG. 25 or 26 . Thus, an inclination angle θa of theprincipal ray A1 can be increased. The inclination angle θa is an angleformed by the normal line a1 of the pixel electrode 23 and the principalray A1. Then, the lens 610 can spread the luminous flux LL further thanthe luminous flux LL0.

When the colored portion 51 is disposed offset to the outside of thedisplay region A10 with respect to the pixel electrode 23, the principalray A1 can be inclined outward with respect to the normal line a1. Thearrangement can further enhance the visual field angle characteristic.On the other hand, when the colored portion 51 is disposed offset to thecenter side of the display region A10 with respect to the pixelelectrode 23, the principal ray A1 can be inclined toward the centerside with respect to the normal line a1. The arrangement can suppressdegradation in image quality such as color unevenness of the displaydevice 100.

5. Electronic Apparatus

The display device 100 in the exemplary embodiments described above isapplicable to various electronic apparatuses.

5A. Virtual Image Display Device 900

FIG. 27 is a diagram schematically illustrating a part of an internalstructure of the virtual image display device 900 as an example of anelectronic apparatus in the present disclosure. The virtual imagedisplay device 900 illustrated in FIG. 27 is a head-mounted display(HMD) mounted on a head of a human and configured to display an image.The virtual image display device 900 includes the above-describeddisplay device 100 and the eyepiece 90. An image displayed on thedisplay device 100 is emitted as image light L. In FIG. 27 , lightentering an eye EY is illustrated as the image light L.

The image light L emitted from the display device 100 is magnified bythe eyepiece 90 being a condensing lens. Then, the image light Lmagnified by the eyepiece 90 is guided to the eye EY of a human, andthus the human can see a virtual image formed by the image light L. Notethat other various lenses, a light guide plate, and the like may beprovided between the eyepiece 90 and the eye EY.

In the virtual image display device 900, the angle of view θ1 needs tobe increased in order to acquire a large virtual image. The eyepiece 90needs to be increased in size in order to increase the angle of view θ1.An angle a expanding outward with respect to a normal line a1 of asurface of the pixel electrode 23 needs to be increased in order toincrease the angle of view θ1 by using the display device 100 having aplanar area smaller than a planar area of the eyepiece 90.

The virtual image display device 900 includes the above-describeddisplay device 100. The display device 100 can increase the radiationangle θ for each sub-pixel P0. Thus, the angle a can be increasedfurther than that in a known device. Accordingly, even when the displaydevice 100 having a planar area smaller than a planar area of theeyepiece 90 is used, the angle of view θ1 can be increased. Thus, evenwhen the display device 100 smaller than the known device is used, ahuman can see a virtual image of the same size as that when the knowndevice is used. In other words, a larger virtual image can be formed byusing the display device 100 smaller than the known device. The size ofthe virtual image display device 900 can be reduced by using such adisplay device 100.

Further, the radiation angle θ in each of the sub-pixels P0 isincreased, and thus a range of light that is emitted from each of thesub-pixels P0 and reaches the eye EY is widened. For this reason, arange on which the luminous flux LL emitted from each of the sub-pixelsP0 described above is superimposed is widened. Thus, an allowable rangeof a position of the eye EY in which a virtual image can be seen iswidened. Accordingly, individual differences such as a person with anarrow spacing between both eyes, a person with a wide spacing, a personwith a large eye EY, and a person with a small eye EY, for example, aresuitably compatible.

Note that examples of the “electronic apparatus” including the displaydevice 100 include an apparatus including an eyepiece, such as anelectronic viewfinder and electronic binoculars, in addition to thevirtual image display device 900 illustrated in FIG. 27 . Further,examples of the “electronic apparatus” include an apparatus includingthe display device 100 as a display unit, such as a personal computer, asmartphone, and a digital camera.

The present disclosure was described above based on the illustratedexemplary embodiments. However, the present disclosure is not limitedthereto. In addition, the configuration of each component of the presentdisclosure may be replaced with any configuration that exerts theequivalent functions of the above-described exemplary embodiments, andto which any configuration may be added. Further, any configuration maybe combined with each other in the above-described exemplary embodimentsof the present disclosure.

The “display device” is not limited to an organic EL display device, andmay be an EL display device using an inorganic material, a liquidcrystal display device including a liquid crystal, and a deviceincluding an LED array.

The “display device” is not limited to a device that displays a fullcolor image, but may be a device that displays an image only in a singlecolor. For example, the “display device” may be a device that displaysan image expressed in green or a device that displays an image expressedin orange.

A light-emitting portion of the pixel electrode 23 that is in contactwith the functional layer 24 may be regarded as a “pixel electrode”.

What is claimed is:
 1. A display device, comprising: a substrate; a lenslayer including a plurality of lenses, adjacent lenses directlycontacting each other; a light-transmitting layer contacting a lenssurface of the lenses and having translucency; a plurality of pixelelectrodes disposed between the substrate and the lens layer; and acolor filter disposed between the pixel electrodes and the lens layerand in direct contact with the lens layer, wherein the lenses aredisposed corresponding to the pixel electrodes, and a refractive indexof a constituent material for the lenses is higher than a refractiveindex of a constituent material for the light-transmitting layer.
 2. Thedisplay device according to claim 1, wherein the lens surface is aconvex surface.
 3. The display device according to claim 1, furthercomprising a transmissive substrate having translucency, wherein thelens layer and the light-transmitting layer are disposed between thetransmissive substrate and the color filter.
 4. The display deviceaccording to claim 3, wherein the color filter, the lens layer, thelight-transmitting layer, and the transmissive substrate are disposed inthis order.
 5. The display device according to claim 1, furthercomprising: a common electrode disposed between the pixel electrodes andthe lens layer; and a light-emitting layer that is disposed between thepixel electrodes and the common electrode, and contains an organiclight-emitting material.
 6. An electronic apparatus, comprising thedisplay device according to claim
 1. 7. A display device, comprising: asubstrate; a lens layer including a plurality of lenses, adjacent lensesdirectly contacting each other; a light-transmitting layer contacting alens surface of the lenses and having translucency; a plurality of pixelelectrodes disposed between the substrate and the lens layer; and acolor filter disposed between the pixel electrodes and the lens layer,wherein the lenses are disposed corresponding to the pixel electrodes, arefractive index of a constituent material for the lenses is higher thana refractive index of a constituent material for the light-transmittinglayer, the refractive index of the constituent material for the lensesis equal to or greater than 1.5 and equal to or less than 1.8 withrespect to visible light having a wavelength of 550 nm, and therefractive index of the constituent material for the light-transmittinglayer is equal to or greater than 1.0 and equal to or less than 1.6 withrespect to the visible light.
 8. The display device according to claim7, wherein the lens surface is a convex surface.
 9. The display deviceaccording to claim 7, further comprising a transmissive substrate havingtranslucency, wherein the lens layer and the light-transmitting layerare disposed between the transmissive substrate and the color filter.10. The display device according to claim 9, wherein the color filter,the light-transmitting layer, the lens layer, and the transmissivesubstrate are disposed in this order.
 11. The display device accordingto claim 10, further comprising a flattening layer that is disposedbetween the color filter and the lens layer, includes a flat surface incontact with the lens layer, and has translucency.
 12. The displaydevice according to claim 9, wherein the color filter, the lens layer,the light-transmitting layer, and the transmissive substrate aredisposed in this order.
 13. The display device according to claim 12,wherein the lens layer contacts the color filter.
 14. The display deviceaccording to claim 7, further comprising: a common electrode disposedbetween the pixel electrodes and the lens layer; and a light-emittinglayer that is disposed between the pixel electrodes and the commonelectrode, and contains an organic light-emitting material.
 15. Anelectronic apparatus, comprising the display device according to claim7.